The Society of Research Administrators International (SRA International) is the premier global research management society providing education, professional development and the latest comprehensive information about research management to professionals from over 40 countries. In this time of increasing international research collaborations, SRA International maintains the largest network of research managers in the world. Being part of this growing vibrant network gives you access to the changing research management landscape and fosters relationships among collaborating institutions. SRA International’s major strength is its diversity. We are the only research management society in the world whose membership spans the entire spectrum of research institutions including: colleges and universities, research hospitals and institutes, government agencies, non-profit funders of research, and industry. Whether you are a Vice President for Research, a mid-level research manager or new to the profession, and you are responsible for pre- or post-award grant and contract administration, regulatory compliance, technology transfer, or clinical trials management, SRA International is your reliable source for education and professional development. The diversity of our members, member organizations and program offerings make us the premier research management society. Focus and Scope The Journal aims to provide an outlet for research and scholarship on management-related themes and topics. With contributions from around the globe, the journal includes empirical, conceptual and methodological articles across the full range of business and management disciplines, including: Accounting and Finance Human Resource Management Innovation and Entrepreneurship Marketing Organizational Management Strategic Management Technology and E-Business International Business Anthropology Sociology Economics Education Criminology Linguistics Law History Communication Studies Political Science Human Geography Psychology
AI-POWERED PROCESS OPTIMIZATION: REDUCING WASTE AND IMPROVING EFFICIENCY IN THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR OF UDAIPUR, RAJASTHAN – A SECONDARY DATA ANALYSIS
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool for enhancing operational efficiency, reducing resource wastage, and enabling sustainable industrial growth. In India, while large manufacturing clusters have begun adopting AI-powered technologies, smaller industrial hubs such as Udaipur, Rajasthan remain at an early stage of digital transformation. This study explores the potential of AI-powered process optimization to reduce waste and improve efficiency in Udaipur’s industrial sector through a comprehensive analysis of secondary data. The research draws upon government reports, industry publications, and academic studies to assess existing industrial practices, identify opportunities for AI integration, and examine the challenges that impede adoption. Findings indicate that sectors such as marble processing, mining, and small-scale manufacturing exhibit significant inefficiencies that can be addressed through predictive maintenance, real-time analytics, and AI-enabled quality control systems. The study concludes with strategic recommendations to support AI adoption in Udaipur’s industries through capacity building, policy interventions, and technological partnerships, thereby contributing to sustainable industrial development in the region.
Artificial Intelligence, Process Optimization, Industrial Efficiency, Waste Reduction, Udaipur, Secondary Data Analysis, Management, Industry 4.0.
Business Diplomacy Management Competency Model for the Managerial Level in the Kenyan Tourism Industry
This study aims to create a competency model for managers in the Kenyan tourism sector, with an emphasis on business diplomacy. The investigation was directed by two main objectives and research questions that concentrate on the existing and aspirational competencies of managers concerning business diplomacy in Kenya's tourism sector. The research employs a qualitative design centred on core competencies as well as the emotional and social competencies theories put forth by Boyatzis (2008). Twenty tourism enterprises in Kenya were chosen using purposeful, stratified, and simple random sampling techniques, with their managers constituting the sample size for the research. The interview schedule serves as a mechanism for data collection, with its reliability assessed through a non-proportionate method by experts who evaluate the quality of the tool to ensure it is thorough, clear, and measurable. Data collection was conducted in five stages: phase 1 involved a pilot study, followed by phases 2, 3, 4, and 5, with analysis commencing immediately thereafter. The modified Van Kaam Moustakas method was utilized to direct the data analysis process, which is presented in a thematic narrative format consistent with the study's objectives. The study revealed that managers have knowledge, skills, and attitudes relevant to business diplomacy; however, these alone are inadequate for fostering effective growth in the tourism sector, underscoring the need for critical competencies in the field of business diplomacy. Validated by experts, a competency model of business diplomacy has been developed using the Focus Group method. The adoption of this model would greatly enhance human capital development in the tourism sector, in accordance with the Kenyan vision 2030.
Business Diplomacy, Business Diplomacy Competencies, Kenyan Tourism Industry.
Jeniffer Karimi Njiru, Dr. Phithagorn Thanitbenjasith
REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE STRUCTURE, CAPITAL EXPENDITURE, AND PROFITABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM CHINA’S LISTED BEVERAGE COMPANIES
Based on panel data from Chinese A-share listed beverage companies from 2014 to 2023, this paper uses ordinary least squares (OLS) to conduct a baseline regression. Using return on assets (ROA) as the explained variable, this paper systematically examines the direct impact of financial indicators such as sales revenue, accounts receivable, investment income, operating costs, accounts payable, period expense ratio, and R&D investment on firm profitability. Furthermore, capital expenditure (CE) is introduced as a mediating variable. Through stepwise regression and mediation effect tests, this paper further reveals the indirect mechanism by which revenue and expenditure structure influence profitability through investment decisions. The empirical results show that sales revenue, investment income, and period expense ratio have a significant positive impact on firm profitability, while operating costs and R&D investment have a significant negative impact on profitability. Accounts receivable and accounts payable have no significant impact on profitability. Further mediation effect analysis reveals that capital expenditure has a significant transmission effect between some financial indicators and profitability, indicating that firms’ capital investment decisions play an important mediating role in the relationship between revenue, costs, and profitability. Overall, this study reveals the main financial drivers of profitability in the beverage industry and their impact paths, providing an empirical basis for understanding the profit model of industry enterprises.
beverage industry; expenditure structure; profitability; return on assets
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND GREEN INNOVATION: EVIDENCE FROM CHINESE LISTED COMPANIES
This research paper empirically investigates the influence of corporate governance on internal innovation, with a particular focus on green innovation (GI). Drawing from the perspective of internal governance mechanisms, the study examines the effects of equity checks and balances (EB), executive incentives (EI), board size (BS), and board independence (BI) on corporate green innovation. Utilizing unbalanced panel data from Chinese A-share listed companies spanning 2008 to 2022, the analysis employs a two-way fixed effects regression model. The research methodology and variable selection are informed by the frameworks of Nageri and Gunu (2020) and Zhao et al (2023). The empirical results reveal that EB, EI, and BS exert significantly positive effects on GI, whereas BI shows no statistically significant relationship. The originality of this study lies in its comprehensive analysis of how internal governance structures systematically shape green innovation outcomes. By constructing an integrated analytical framework, this study contributes to the theoretical understanding of corporate green innovation drivers. Moreover, the findings offer valuable insights for both policymakers and corporate leaders, particularly under the strategic imperative of “dual carbon” goals, highlighting the importance of optimizing internal governance to strengthen long-term innovation capacity and competitive advantage.
Equity checks and balances, executive incentives, board size, board independence, corporate green innovation
FINTECH DEVELOPMENT AND COMMERCIAL BANKS
The adoption of financial technology (fintech) by commercial banks has surged over the past decade, particularly in emerging markets, as institutions seek to enhance service delivery, reduce operational costs, and extend financial inclusion. This study synthesizes evidence from multiple regions—Africa, Asia, and the Gulf Cooperation Countries—on the impact of fintech on bank performance and efficiency. Findings reveal mixed results: while fintech initiatives such as mobile banking, internet banking, and cashless payment systems generally enhance banking access and operational efficiency, their influence on financial performance indicators like return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) varies significantly across contexts. In South Africa, mobile broadband subscriptions (MBS) showed limited correlation with profitability, except for banks that aggressively digitized operations. In Indonesia, fintech regulation had differential impacts across bank types, with regional banks experiencing more pronounced changes. In Malaysia and India, cashless payments and mobile banking were positively associated with bank efficiency and profitability. Conversely, studies from the Gulf and China highlight that increased fintech competition and investment costs can depress profitability, particularly in the short term. Overall, while fintech has broadly improved service delivery and customer reach, the associated costs and competitive pressures from neobanks and fintech firms may offset financial gains for traditional banks, especially those slow to adapt. The study underscores the need for strategic alignment between fintech investments and long-term financial goals to optimize returns.
Bank Efficiency, Fintech Development, Africa, Asia and Gulf Cooperation Countries
THEORETICAL REVIEW ON EFFICIENCY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS
This article aims to present an in-depth background of theories that relate to the efficiency of commercial banks. Several theories have been applied by scholars to assess the determinants of efficiency for banks and the banking sector (Poczter, 2017). The theories include the economic theory of demand and supply, which considers the impact of interest rates on credit demand (Athanasoglou et al., 2006); the modern production theory, which assesses how effectively firms such as banks use inputs to produce outputs using concepts such as cost, scale, price and technical efficiency, the modern portfolio theory proposed by Markowitz in 1952, which seeks to find the optimum portfolio for investors concerned with distribution of returns over a single time horizon (Osifo and Ighodaro, 2020); the dynamic efficiency theory, which considers the ability of firms or markets to innovate and optimise over time in response to changing conditions and new information (Frantz, 1988); the market power theory, which assumes that the market structure of the industry influences the financial performance of a firm (Khana and Hanif, 2019), the stakeholder theory,which considers the broader impact of firms such as banks on their environment; and the agency theory, which looks at the role of management and the concept of corporate governance (Mwenda and Mutoti, 2011).
Bank Efficiency, Dynamic Efficiency Theory, Market Power.
IMPLEMENTATION OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY WITH EMPLOYEES IN SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN PHU THO PROVINCE
This study investigates the implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) towards employees in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Phu Tho Province, Vietnam. Using ISO 26000:2010 as a theoretical foundation, the research analyzes CSR through nine key dimensions: working and rest time, labor contracts, occupational safety and hygiene, salary and bonus policies, compensation and welfare, training and development, income guarantee, collective bargaining – trade unions, and social insurance. Data from 300 respondents were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 through Cronbach’s Alpha, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and regression analysis. Results show that all nine factors significantly impact employee perception of CSR, with occupational safety and hygiene being the most influential. The study proposes management implications to enhance CSR practices in SMEs, contributing to sustainable business development and improved employee welfare in SMEs in Phu Tho.
PAKISTAN'S STATE STRUCTURE AND EAST AND WEST PAKISTAN DISPARITY: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS
Based on the Lahore Resolution of 1940, India was divided and Pakistan was established in 1947. At the time of establishment, Pakistan was composed of five provinces. East Pakistan is one of the most important provinces among the five provinces. The Lahore Resolution was announced to ensure autonomy for the provinces of Pakistan. The poor Muslim population of East Pakistan joined the Pakistan state with the goal of establishing their own rights through autonomy. But the government of Pakistan failed to provide autonomy to East Pakistan and eventually a huge disparity was created between the two parts of Pakistan. The present study highlights the disparity between East and West Pakistan in economic, political, military, educational, agricultural, health and industrial sectors.
Agriculture, Economic, Education, Government, Independent, Muslim, Politics.
Dr. Md. Rajaul Karim, M.M. Iftekhairun Nisa Yusufi, Md. Rubel Hossain, Md. Azmol Hossain, Rubyia Khanom Rukshi
ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY ON TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITY IN THE DEFENSE INDUSTRY: A DESCRIPTIVE APPROACH WITH MEDIATING ROLES OF ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT CAPABILITY
This study examines the relationships between absorptive capacity, organizational innovation, technology management capability, and technological capability within the Indonesian defense industry. Utilizing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS, data were collected from 35 defense firms, involving 251 respondents. The findings reveal that absorptive capacity significantly influences technological capability, both directly and through the mediating roles of organizational innovation and technology management capability. The results emphasize the critical role of continuous knowledge acquisition and integration in fostering innovation and technological advancements. Additionally, the study highlights the necessity of strategic technology management practices to sustain long-term competitiveness in the defense sector. These findings have significant implications for industry practitioners, policymakers, and researchers, suggesting that investments in R&D, innovation-driven policies, and structured knowledge management programs are essential for enhancing technological capabilities. Future research should explore external environmental factors and industry collaborations to further understand their impact on technological advancements.
I Gusti Bagus Kurniawan R, Margono, Surachman, Nur Khusniyah Indrawati
CORPORATE LAW AND THE GOVERNANCE OF THE INDIAN PRIVATE CORPORATE SECTOR SINCE GLOBALIZATION.
The liberalization of India's economy in 1991 marked a transformative era for corporate law and governance, aligning the private sector with global best practices. The enactment of the Companies Act, 2013, introduced key reforms, including independent directors, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), and enhanced shareholder rights, ensuring greater transparency and accountability. Regulatory bodies such as SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India) played a pivotal role in enforcing compliance, curbing insider trading, and safeguarding investor interests. Additionally, the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), 2016, provided a structured resolution mechanism, improving corporate insolvency management. The Competition Act, 2002, further strengthened market fairness by restricting monopolistic practices. Despite these advancements, challenges persist in regulatory enforcement, compliance burdens, and addressing corporate ethical concerns. The dominance of family-owned businesses, judicial delays, and the evolving corporate governance landscape require continuous policy refinements. Furthermore, the integration of digital governance, ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) standards, and fintech regulations is crucial for fostering long-term investor confidence and sustainable economic growth. This research critically examines the evolution of corporate law post-globalization, its impact on private sector governance, and the effectiveness of regulatory frameworks in promoting ethical business conduct. It underscores the significance of corporate law as a “watchdog” for investor protection while highlighting areas requiring further reforms. Addressing these gaps will be instrumental in ensuring robust corporate governance and reinforcing India's position in the global business landscape.
Dr. Mala Kumari Upadhyay , Mr Chandan Kumar Singh , Mr. Piyush Ranjan Sahay
A STUDY ON PERFORMANCE PRESSURE AND PROBLEM-ORIENTED DAYDREAMS: KEY DRIVERS OF INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOUR FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.
Researchers studying organizational behavior have been examining a variety of intricate phenomena that result in improved performance outcomes for a long time. To achieve organizational expectations, workers must carry out their duties in a logical and reasonable manner. Previous research on the value of attention in organizations has shown that maintaining engagement has positive effects. Engagement is defined as the use of cognitive, physical, and emotional energies for various tasks and activities that will make up one's role at work (Kahn, 1990; Newton, LePine, Kim, Wellman & Bush, 2020). The study focuses on stress and daydreaming or mind wandering and exploring the relationship between innovative work behaviour, daydreaming and sustainability development. Surveyed 436 employees in Bengaluru, using a structured questionnaire for primary data collection alongside relevant secondary data. An effort was made to examine whether the problem-oriented daydreams determine the relationship between innovative work-behaviour and performance pressure. The role of problem-oriented daydreams between task performance and performance pressure was also examined. The study concludes that encouraging problem-oriented daydreaming in high-pressure environments may support sustainable, innovation-focused outcomes in organizations.
Dr. Priya Srinivasa,Mrs. Yashaswini S, Dr. Prathibha Singh
EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A MASTER’S PROGRAM IN ENGLISH FOR CAREER DEVELOPMENT: INSIGHTS FROM GRADUATE STUDENTS
This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Master of Arts Program in English for Career Development (ECD) at a university in Thailand, from the perspectives of graduate students. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative data from a 39-item questionnaire assessing satisfaction across six dimensions—curriculum structure, teaching methods, faculty support, assessment practices, facilities, and the admission process—with qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed high overall satisfaction with the program’s relevance and instructional quality. However, students highlighted areas for improvement, including the need for more practical learning opportunities, such as internships and project-based assignments, enhanced training in research methodologies, and better access to academic resources. Challenges such as work-life balance and the timing of assessments were also noted. The study highlights the importance of aligning the curriculum with the evolving demands of Thailand’s 4.0 era and the global job market, particularly in fostering critical thinking, problem-solving, and intercultural communication skills. By integrating student feedback, the research provides actionable recommendations for curriculum enhancement, aiming to better prepare graduates for professional success. This study contributes to ongoing efforts to improve English language education in Thailand, offering insights for policymakers and educators to refine programs and support students’ career prospects.
Tawatchai Chaisiri , Thanyapatra Soisuwan, Thitapa Sinturat, Parichart Kluensuwan
NAVIGATING STARTUP FAILURES: A CASE STUDY-BASED ANALYSIS OF THE REASONS BEHIND STARTUP FAILURES
This paper investigates the reasons behind startup failures and identifies the factors influencing the progress of startups. The study focuses on three startups in Delhi NCR that ceased operations within five years. Key determinants of failure include the time taken to develop a minimum viable product, the timeline for revenue realization, the founders' complementary skill sets, their age and domain expertise, personality traits, financial independence, and openness to mentorship during critical phases. A literature review on startup failures and an evaluation of the three failed startups were conducted to gain comprehensive insights. The study highlights how various factors influence a startup's survival or success and provides actionable recommendations for mitigating failure risks. Through an exploratory and inductive case study in the Delhi NCR area, multiple factors affecting startup progress were identified, varying significantly across startups. However, the research underscores that all these factors are crucial and each must meet a minimum standard of performance to avoid adverse impacts on a startup's progress. The findings aim to contribute to a deeper understanding of startup dynamics and support the development of a more resilient entrepreneurial ecosystem.
MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION: A COMPARISON OF SELECTED METHODOLOGIES
Abstract:- Purpose: The aim is to compare the selected methodologies used for constructing an Index of Financial Inclusion (IFI), as there exists conflict over the methodologies adopted to construct a financial inclusion index in the literature in terms of performance accuracy, and efficiency. The impact of dimension weights on index values has also been studied. Design/methodology/approach: An IFI has been built with three broad dimensions, banking penetration, availability, and usage of banking services with the selected methodologies. Data for the study include state/UT-wide bank data, demographical, geographical, and economic data, which are taken from Reserve Bank of India’s publications. Findings: (1) An IFI constructed with the methodologies (TOPSIS with EWM and Sarma (2015) with EWM) shows almost similar performances in terms of descriptive statistics; (2) There is only a slight difference in the financial inclusion performance between the methodologies based on Camera and Tuesta (2014) with two-stage PCA and Sarma (2008, 2015) with the subjective weights which make use of the descriptive statistics; (3) Camera and Tuesta (2014) methodology assigns a narrow weight to the index dimensions whereas, the proposed two-stage PCA model assigns a wider weight. Practical implications: The present study is useful to all the stakeholders, who are interested in the measurement of financial inclusion, say policymakers, research communities, etc., and the study offers direction to future studies on the methodology to be adopted. Originality/value – To the best of authors’ knowledge, no studies have been carried out with the same purpose. Hence, the present study is new to the IFI literature.
Aamir Rashid Bhat; Shahana T; Waseem Bashir; Peerzadah Mohammad Oveis
THE IMPACT OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN ENHANCING ADMINISTRATIVE POLICIES AND PROCEDURES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AT THE AQABA COMPANY FOR PORTS OPERATION AND MANAGEMENT IN JORDAN
This study aimed to explain the impact of business intelligence and organizational performance on enhancing administrative policies and procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Aqaba Company for Port Management and Operations in Jordan. To achieve the study goals , a questionnaire was developed for data collection and distributed to a study sample contains 342 participants. The study employed the descriptive analytical survey method , and members were selected using a suitable non-probability sampling method. The study has used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences "SPSS" to compute Averages , standard deviations and conduct multiple and stepwise regression examination. The findings of this study , that the dimensions of business intelligence, organizational performance, and administrative policies and procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic were available at a high level. And business intelligence, as an independent variable, significantly influenced organizational performance as a dependent variable, in the presence of administrative policies and procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic, acting as a mediating variable (0.478). The study concluded with various recommendations, including the necessity of ensuring the availability of business intelligence dimensions and implementing them in all aspects of the Aqaba Company for Port Management and Operations in Jordan, tailored to its diverse activities. This is essential for creating an organizational environment that enhances organizational performance.
Business Intelligence, Organizational Performance, Administrative Policies and Procedures during the COVID-19 Pandemic, Aqaba Company for Port Management and Operations in Jordan.
Khaled Al Rawashdeh, Jafar Irshoud, Dr. Emad Ahmed, Shereen Ahmad Mustafa Saleh, Hussam Thneibat
THE ROLE OF LEADERSHIP STYLES IN ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE AND EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION
Abstract: In modern organizations, leadership plays a pivotal role in determining overall performance and employee motivation. As organizations face increasing complexity and change, adaptive leadership styles have emerged as critical for fostering a productive, innovative, and resilient workforce. Rigid, outdated leadership approaches often hinder organizational growth by stifling creativity, reducing employee engagement, and limiting responsiveness to external market shifts. Conversely, adaptive leadership encourages flexibility, empowerment, and collaboration, which in turn enhances motivation, promotes higher job satisfaction, and drives long-term organizational success. Effective leaders who understand the need for strategic flexibility are able to navigate challenges, leverage employee strengths, and adapt their leadership approach to different situations, ensuring that their teams remain engaged and committed to achieving organizational goals. This paper explores the importance of adaptive leadership, highlights the pitfalls of rigid leadership models, and emphasizes the need for a flexible, strategic leadership framework to enhance motivation, performance, and sustainability.
THE IMPACT OF INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) AND DIGITAL MARKETING ON CUSTOMER ENGAGEMENT IN THE EGYPTIAN REAL ESTATE INDUSTRY
This study explores the combined impact of the Internet of Things (IoT) and digital marketing on customer engagement in the Egyptian real estate market. While previous research has focused separately on the effects of IoT or digital marketing, this research examines both variables together. Using a quantitative approach, data was collected from 396 customers, and the analysis conducted with Smart PLS software revealed a significant positive impact of IoT, particularly through smart home technologies, alongside digital marketing strategies. The findings highlight the potential of integrating these two elements to enhance customer satisfaction, deepen engagement, and provide a competitive advantage in the real estate industry, offering valuable insights for stakeholders to improve customer interactions and adapt to market trends.
Yara A. Ebeid, Prof. Dr. Ashraf Labib, Dr. Dina Elsalmy
"THE IMPACT OF CARTOONS ON CHILDREN'S LANGUAGE FLUENCY: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON LANGUAGE ACQUISITION THROUGH MEDIA IN CONTEMPORARY EDUCATION"
Over the preceding decades, the avenues for language acquisition through media were limited. However, in contemporary times, there is a burgeoning availability of diverse media resources for language learning, with cartoon programs emerging as a particularly popular and effective method for acquiring proficiency in any given language. This shift signifies a notable transformation in language education strategies.Watching cartoons impact a lot on children’s’ learning process. Cartoons help to emphasis on children’s English language learning. The viewing of cartoons significantly influences the learning processes of children. This assertion is supported by various studies and scholarly references, highlighting the substantial impact that cartoons have on the educational development of young minds.In the course of this research, a comprehensive interview method was employed to gather a diverse range of data, encompassing both qualitative and quantitative insights from. The investigation aimed to illuminate the influence of cartoon programs on children's language fluency, utilizing Krashen’s language acquisition theory as a guiding framework to demonstrate the gradual enhancement of linguistic proficiency through exposure to these programs. This study examines how children become familiar with the language-speaking process and observe the actions of specific characters through the consumption of cartoon programs. Additionally, the research demonstrates that children are expanding their English vocabulary by watching these programs. However, it is noteworthy that some children exhibit a preference for viewing cartoons in languages such as Tamil, Hindi and others. Consequently, those who predominantly watch non-English cartoons may experience limitations in enhancing their English fluency. In contrast, children who engage more with English-language cartoons demonstrate a more pronounced development in English fluency. Cartoons emerge as exceptionally effective tools for learning this language, offering a dual advantage. Not only do children derive enjoyment from watching cartoons, but they also stand to benefit significantly by learning to speak fluently inEnglish language through this engaging medium.
ESSENTIAL STRATEGIES AND CHALLENGES FOR EFFECTIVE ADAPTATION TO DIGITAL PLATFORMS IN A RAPIDLY EVOLVING ENVIRONMENT
In today's increasingly digital world, adapting to digital platforms has become essential for both businesses and individuals. This article outlines key strategies for successful adaptation, focusing on the importance of cultivating a digital mindset, leveraging social media, optimizing for mobile, investing in digital marketing, and enhancing the online customer experience. It also emphasizes the need to adopt collaboration tools and prioritize data security. However, organizations face several significant challenges during this transition, including resistance to change, data security concerns, integration of legacy systems, skill gaps, an overwhelming array of digital tools, and the challenge of maintaining customer engagement. To address these challenges, the article proposes mitigation strategies such as comprehensive training, phased technology implementation, and personalized customer interactions. Ultimately, fostering a culture of continuous learning and adaptability is crucial for navigating the complexities of the digital landscape and ensuring long-term success in an evolving market. This study explores the key strategies and challenges associated with adapting to digital platforms, with an emphasis on fostering a digital mindset, optimizing mobile experiences, and enhancing digital marketing efforts. Additionally, the study addresses the challenges organizations face, such as resistance to change, skill gaps, and data security concerns, while offering strategic solutions for overcoming these obstacles and ensuring a successful digital transformation. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative insights from interviews and focus groups with quantitative data from surveys, providing a comprehensive understanding of how organizations can successfully navigate their digital transitions. This study aims to help businesses overcome the challenges of digital adaptation and fully leverage digital platforms for sustainable growth and success.
THE EFFECT OF HRM PRACTICES AND DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE ON MILLENNIALS’ WORK ATTITUDES IN OUTSOURCED CUSTOMER SERVICE ROLES IN THE NIGERIAN BANKING INDUSTRY.
Purpose: Globalization, privatization and technological advancement have supported the adoption of flexible employment contracts in developing economies like Nigeria where the economy is in recession with high unemployment rate and high cost of doing business. This research focuses on outsourced Millennials in customer service roles and the resultant effects of work attitudes. Theoretical Framework: The study focusedon the Social Exchange Theory & Norm of Reciprocity (Homans, 1958) and equity theory (Adams 1965). The study posited that Human Resource Management practices of Training and Development, Career Development, Supervisor Support and Job Security are related to work attitudes of customer service employees. Methodology: The study analysed the data of 204 outsourced customer service employees in the Nigerian Banking industry using online survey questionnaires. The hypotheses were articulated and tested using regression analysis. Findings: The results showed that Human Resource practices influence work attitudes of customer service employees. Research, Practical & Social Implications: Organisations mustinvest in HR practices in outsourcing employment contracts. Originality: This study attempts to examine the effect of outsourcing customer service roles in the banking industry to Millennials and the resultant effects on work attitudes.
RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCING FACTORS OF ENVIRONMENTAL COGNITION AND VALUES ON RESIDENTS’ WASTE CLASSIFICATION INTENTIONS AND BEHAVIOURS OF HEFEI CITY IN CHINA
This study explores the influences of environmental cognition and environmental values on resident residents' intention and behaviour towards resident waste classification in Hefei City, Anhui Province, China. Based on the Value-Belief-Norm (VBN) theory, an influencing factor model is constructed. Through questionnaire survey and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis, it is found that environmental cognition has a significant positive impact on waste classification intention and behaviour, while environmental values primarily influence behaviour indirectly through intention. Waste classification intention plays a partial mediating role in this process. The study proposes suggestions such as strengthening environmental education, encouraging government-society cooperation, and implementing long-term tracking and evaluation mechanisms to promote widespread implementation of waste classification behaviour.
Xu Yaqi , S. M. Ferdous Azam , Jacquline Tham
ENHANCING INFRASTRUCTURE PERFORMANCE: THE ROLE OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN LIBYA’S ROAD AND BRIDGE PROJECTS
Infrastructure development is vital for economic growth and societal well-being, particularly in developing nations like Libya, where road and bridge projects often encounter challenges such as delays, cost overruns, and quality concerns. This study explores the interplay between project management strategies, processes, systems, and infrastructure performance within Libya’s road and bridge sector. Drawing on empirical data collected from a cross-sectional survey of professionals in the Libyan construction industry, the research applies Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to evaluate key relationships. Findings highlight the critical influence of project management systems and processes on infrastructure outcomes, with project management strategy serving as a mediator. Contextual factors, including organizational culture, resource allocation, and stakeholder engagement, emerge as significant determinants of success. The study underscores the importance of adopting technologically informed project management frameworks to address challenges specific to the Libyan context. Practical implications suggest policy reforms, enhanced training programs, and strategic investments in knowledge management systems to improve project outcomes. By bridging theoretical insights with actionable recommendations, this research contributes to advancing sustainable infrastructure development in Libya.
Anwar Alzaletane, Ali Khatibi, Jacquline Tham
ENHANCING PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS’ SELF-EFFICACY THROUGH THE TECHNOLOGICAL PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE (TPACK) FRAMEWORK: INSIGHTS FROM TRIPOLI, LIBYA
This study explores the integration of the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework among primary school teachers in Tripoli, Libya, focusing on the factors that influence its adoption and effectiveness. With the rapid evolution of educational technology, effective integration is crucial for enhancing teaching efficacy and improving student outcomes. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study surveyed 750 primary school teachers from six districts in Tripoli through structured questionnaires, capturing data on self-efficacy, organizational support, technological access, and perceived usefulness of educational technologies. The quantitative analysis employed statistical techniques such as exploratory factor analysis, structural equation modeling (SEM), and path analysis to examine relationships and identify the mediating role of self-efficacy in TPACK adoption. Key findings reveal that self-efficacy plays a significant mediating role, with teachers reporting greater confidence in using technology when they believe in their abilities. Additionally, perceived ease of use and usefulness of technological tools were found to moderate the impact of technological support on TPACK integration. Qualitative insights gathered from semi-structured interviews provide a deeper understanding of the barriers and facilitators of TPACK adoption, emphasizing the challenges posed by limited infrastructure, insufficient training, and resistance to change. However, the study also highlights the positive impact of collaborative learning environments and strong organizational support in overcoming these obstacles. The findings provide valuable implications for policymakers, educators, and administrators aiming to enhance TPACK integration in Libya’s primary schools. Recommendations include the development of tailored professional development programs, improved technological infrastructure, and the promotion of collaborative practices among teachers. These efforts will help ensure the sustainable integration of educational technologies and improve teaching and learning outcomes in Libya’s primary education system.
Mohammed Khamees Alfadheel Alkadeeki S. M. Ferdous Azam Siti Rokiah Binti Siwok
STRATEGIC LEADERSHIP AND EMPLOYEE RETENTION: UNLOCKING SUCCESS IN LIBYA’S CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY
Talent management has become a critical concern for organizations aiming to maintain competitive advantages in dynamic environments. This study provides a theoretical exploration of leadership strategies and employee retention within Libya’s Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) sector. The analysis highlights the vital role of leadership in enhancing employee engagement, enhancing workplace satisfaction, and reducing turnover. Leadership is identified as a mediating factor that bridges talent management practices and employee retention, emphasizing its role in performance management, career development, and competency mapping. The study underscores that effective leadership strategies, such as mentoring, feedback, and performance recognition, can significantly enhance employee satisfaction and organizational commitment. Moreover, it addresses challenges faced by the CAA, including inadequate training programs, limited career advancement opportunities, and ineffective performance appraisals. Findings suggest that adopting adaptive leadership styles tailored to generational workforce needs is crucial to sustaining talent and achieving organizational goals. The study concludes by recommending continuous performance management planning and the implementation of strategic leadership practices to ensure workforce sustainability in Libya’s aviation sector.
Faisel Mohamed Elbahri*; S. M. Ferdous Azam; Jacquline Tham
TESTING INTEGRATIVE MODELS OF THE BEHAVIOURAL INTENTIONS ON ACTUAL USAGE TO THE ELEARNING
This study explores the adoption of eLearning in Libya. The author argues that current behavioural prediction models such as TRA, TPB, and TAM do not adequately account for the affective constructs of eLearning when high learning stakes are involved. To address this gap, the author proposes an integrative model that accounts for learning processes and population-specific behavioural strategies. The study used a quantitative-based research design, PLS-SEM, and involved 404 university students from one of the major private universities in Libya. The findings emphasise the multidimensional nature of e-learning adoption. While expected benefits, ease of use, and subjective norms significantly influence usage, behavioural intention mediates these effects variably. Rejected hypotheses highlight the complexity of predicting behaviour, showing that attitudes alone may not drive adoption without addressing external and practical factors. The study is expected to add value to existing literature by utilising the model to determine the adoption of e-learning in developing countries. Adding new constructs that may influence e-learning acceptance by students, such as trust of behavioural intention and actual use, have been incorporated in the model to assist in a better understanding of the phenomena. The study suggests that Libyan policymakers can enhance student participation in online learning programs by requiring teachers to complete e-learning courses, encouraging professional development in digital teaching strategies, and rewarding universities with high student retention rates.
Munay Miftah Shaeban Abdulqadir, S. M. Ferdous Azam Ali Khatibi
INTERSECTIONS OF SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MANAGERIAL EFFECTIVENESS: A CRITICAL STUDY OF SECONDARY SCHOOL PRINCIPALS IN ABUJA, NIGERIA
The study investigated the relationship between social intelligence and managerial effectiveness of principals of secondary schools in Abuja, Nigeria. The study was guided by the correlational survey research design. The population of the study consisted 4,032 principals and teachers obtained from 60 senior public secondary schools in Abuja. The sample size of the study comprised of 62 principals and 341 teachers. respondents. Simple percentages, mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while the hypotheses were tested using Pearson’s product moment correlation at a 0.05 level of significance. The study used two instruments for data collection which made up of “Principals’ Social Intelligence Questionnaire” (PSIQ) and “Managerial Effectiveness Questionnaire” (MEQ). The instruments were pilot tested on 10 principals and 40 teachers and they produced the reliability indices of 0.78 and 0.72 respectively. The findings of the study indicated that there is a significant relationship between principals’ social awareness and managerial effectiveness of secondary schools in Abuja and there is a significant relationship between principals’ communication style and managerial effectiveness of secondary schools in Abuja. The study recommended that the Nigerian Educational Research and Development Council should work on incorporating social intelligence into the curriculum of education for the training of teachers and future prospective principals in universities and colleges of education to build the social awareness of prospective principals.
Ikechukwu Anthony Kanu, PhD, Iyala, Felix Emeka, Ph.D., Tyopenda, Joseph Shima
ORGANISATIONAL POLITICS AND UNIVERSITY GOVERNANCE: A STUDY OF STAFF PERCEPTIONS IN CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA
The study investigated the impact of staff perception of organisational politics on the management of universities in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study was guided by the descriptive survey design. The population of the study consisted of 9,200 which comprised teaching and non-teaching staff members of three universities in Cross River State. The sample size of the study was 373 respondents drawn from the three universities using the multistage sampling technique and the Krecie and Morgan Table to select the sample size. Furthermore, a simple random sampling technique was used to select the actual respondents for the study. The instrument used for the collection of data for this study was a researcher-made questionnaire named “Perception of Organisational Politics on Management of University Questionnaire (POPMUQ)”. The validity index of the instrument was 0.77 while the reliability coefficient of 0.75 was obtained for the instrument using the Cronbach alpha method. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while one sample t-test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study indicated that there was a positive significant impact of staff perception of appointment of heads of departments on the management of universities in Cross River State and there was a positive significant impact of staff perception of recruitment on the management of universities in Cross River State. Based on the findings, it was recommended for the purpose of enhancing the effective management of universities in Cross River State, the Vice-chancellors should appoint the heads of departments based and merit to avoid the appointment of mediocre staff that will not make useful contribution towards the efficient management of universities in the state.
Ikechukwu Anthony Kanu, PhD, Iyala, Felix Emeka, Ph.D, Rebecca Akongwale
EXPLORING THE MOTI RAM’S VERDICT: THE NEXUS BETWEEN BAIL AND MONEY
Our country's criminal justice system is critical for protecting individuals and preventing crime. The state has been bestowed with abundant power to carry out this solemn role under the constitution and criminal law. This power includes the power to arrest, detain, search, and seize. The judiciary and law enforcement officers have critical roles in avoiding unlawful detention, which infringes on their basic fundamental rights. Bail procedures ensure due process of law, a fair trial and the release of the arrestee. When a bail application is presented to the court, among other considerations, monitoring aspects in the bail determines the person's release. This study addresses the extent of monetary considerations in bail via the lens of the Mothi Rams verdict. The second portion of this study focuses on how the Motiram ratio has been invoked in contemporary times.
In this article, the authors widely disclose various customs and traditions of the Kazakh people related to marriage. Kazakh wedding is probably one of the most interesting, eventful, colorful and most important ceremonies in life. The purpose of the work is to reveal the content of the main historically established traditions and customs of the Kazakh people and to show their modern embodiment. The paper is dedicated to the discussion of ancient traditions and rituals of Kazakh people which have a great importance for the traditional Kazakh society. The authors gave detailed analysis to the pre-wedding (kyz aittyru, syrga salu, kudalyk, korzhyn, kuyryk-bauyr, kalym), wedding (kyz uzatu, korimdik, neke kiu, uylenu toi, toi bastar, betashar) and post-wedding (esik ashar,) ceremonies and ritual songs (kyz synsu, zhar-zhar,) of the Kazakh people. The wedding is a complex of rituals and formed by centuries of educational traditions. While dwelling in detail on each of them, the authors describe their educational value from the modern scientific point of view
Bekkeldi K. AKSHALOV, Saltanat M. KULAMANOVA
GIRL CHILDREN SEXUAL ABUSE – NGO REHABILITATION SUPPORT
India, a land of ancient civilization and diverse cultures has a rich history spanning thousands of years. India, seventh largest country by area becomes the world’s most populous country according to estimates by the United Nations. Achievement of gender equality and women empowerment is on top of the global agenda and Sustainable Development Goal-5.In this direction, Central and State Governments launched various schemes and efforts initiatives have been taken at Global, regional and local level to promote gender equality. Thus India stands as a vibrant and sovereign nation, but it continues to grapple with complex issues including violence against the women and the girl child. Social progress, secure and safe society is one of the components of VIKASIT BHARAT 2047. In this point of view if we observe statistics of crimes on women and children addressing this issue is a major challenge. To support and empower the women and girl children, many agencies along with the Government putting in efforts by providing welfare and legal provisions. In this paper an attempt has been made to analyse the NGOs rehabilitation support to child victim underwent sexual abuse by her stepfather.
Dr. V. Jagadeeeswari, Dr. Thapai Ananda, Prof. K. Sudha Rani,