AN OVERVIEW OF UNUSUAL AND RARE DISEASE: AUTO-BREWERY SYNDROME

Abstract

Auto-brewery syndrome, also known as gut fermentation syndrome, is a fascinating condition where ethanol is produced internally through fermentation by fungi or bacteria in various parts of the body, such as the gastrointestinal system, oral cavity, or urinary system. Patients with auto-brewery syndrome exhibit various signs and symptoms of alcohol intoxication, despite claiming to have not consumed any alcohol. They frequently mention following a diet that is rich in sugar and carbohydrates. Endogenous ethanol is produced in small amounts during normal digestion. However, if fermenting yeast or bacteria become pathogenic, it can lead to dangerously high blood alcohol levels. Auto-brewery syndrome is more commonly found in patients who have other medical conditions like diabetes, obesity, and Crohn disease. However, it can also affect individuals who are otherwise healthy. Various strains of fermenting yeasts and uncommon bacteria are recognized as pathogens. Auto-brewery syndrome is a condition that is not frequently diagnosed, but it is likely that it is not being diagnosed as often as it should be. Two extremely rare cases of auto-brewery syndrome have been identified, one in the oral cavity and one in the urinary bladder. This article primarily discusses the causes, symptoms, tests, treatment, and legal aspects of ABS.