COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF CONVENTIONAL SURGICAL PLANNING AND VIRTUAL SURGICAL PLANNING IN ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Abstract
Background and Aim: In the 20th century, the rapid development of three-dimensional (3D) technology, such as computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) and 3D computer-aided design systems, has led to the rapid rise of Virtual surgical planning (VSP) in oral and maxillofacial surgery. The main purpose of this systematic review is to determine whether Virtual surgical planning is superior to the Conventional surgical planning in terms of surgical accuracy for hard tissue and predicting precision for soft tissue. In addition, this study attempted to explore the comparative advantages of the techniques regarding the time required for surgery, planning and cost.
Material and Methods: A comprehensive electronic and manual search of the literature without date or language restriction was performed, i.e., PubMed, Google scholar from 2010 to 2022. The searched terms were Orthognathic Surgery, Conventional Surgical Planning in Orthognathic Surgery, Virtual Surgical Planning in Orthognathic Surgery, Conventional vs Virtual Surgical Planning in Orthognathic Surgery.
Results:After the title and abstract evaluation 600 studies were included. From that, 52 full text articles were assessed for eligibility and were selected. After evaluating the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 14 suitable articles were taken for the study. Six retrospective study (RS) were included in the systematic review in terms of planning time and surgical planning time. In total, 194 patients were enrolled in six studies comparing CSP (n =81) to VSP (n =73 ). For Accuracy for Hard Tissue and Soft tissue, eight studies were included which consisted of five RCT, one prospective, one CCT, one Retrospective studies. In total 261 patients enrolled in this study out of which CSP (n=130) and VSP (n=131).
Conclusion:This systematic review summarisesthat VSP shortens the planning time and gives more predictable outcomes as far as hard and soft tissue accuracy is concerned however the financial expenses were increased with three-dimensional virtual surgical planning.
