INFLUENCE TRAINING , UTILIZATION INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT), AS WELL AS SELF -EFFICACY ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF NUTMEG UMKM IN NORTH SULAWESI PROVINCE

Abstract

In the era of globalization and digital transformation, employee performance is a key factor in enhancing business competitiveness and sustainability, particularly in the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector. This study aims to analyze the influence of training, information and communication technology (ICT) utilization, and self-efficacy on the performance of nutmeg MSME employees in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Using a quantitative explanatory research design, data were collected from 150 respondents and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with LISREL 8.80. The results show that training (t-value = 15.71; path coefficient = 0.94), ICT utilization (t-value = 13.63; path coefficient = 0.88), and self-efficacy (t-value = 13.08; path coefficient = 0.82) all have a significant and positive effect on employee performance. The overall model fit is good, with GFI = 0.93, RMSEA = 0.078, CFI = 0.91, and NFI = 0.94.

The novelty of this research lies in its empirical focus on the nutmeg-based MSME sector in eastern Indonesia—a strategic yet understudied area with unique socio-geographic and resource characteristics. Unlike previous studies that predominantly examined large-scale industries or included mediating variables such as innovativeness, this study offers a direct-effect model that highlights practical, measurable interventions. The findings contribute to theoretical development in HRM literature and provide actionable recommendations for policymakers and local business stakeholders aiming to improve MSME competitiveness through workforce enhancement strategies.