THE ROLE OF E-BUREAUCRACY WITH POLITICAL RISK AS MODERATION VARIABLE IN SUPPORTING GREEN SMART CITY INITIATIVE: EVIDENCE FROM BATU CITY

Abstract

The green smart city initiative is a program that harnesses technology and digital innovation to improve urban living and the overall quality of life for citizens. This initiative encompasses a range of solutions such as smart energy management, traffic management, waste management, and efficient city planning. Smart cities utilize information and communication technology to capture and analyze data, provide real-time insights, enhance decision-making capabilities, and optimize city operations. The goal of a green smart city is to create a sustainable, cost-effective, and citizen-centered urban environment that enables growth and innovation. The smart city initiative has gained momentum globally, with cities worldwide embracing digital innovation to transform their urban environment. This study aims to investigate the role of e-bureaucracy and environmental sustainability influences the Batu green smart city initiatives. Using the partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), this paper also examines the political risk perception that has been moderating the relationship between the role of e-bureaucracy and the Batu green smart city initiative.