“AN ANALYSIS OF SUBCLINICAL PERIPHERAL NERVE CHANGES WITH NERVE CONDUCTION VELOCITY AND 60- SECOND DIABETIC FOOT SCREEN SCALE IN TYPE-II DIABETICS MELLITUS AND NORMAL HEALTHY SUBJECT -- AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.”

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Diabetics mellitus is characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbance of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Type 2 diabetics is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterised by variable degrees of insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and increased glucose production.

AIM OF THE STUDY: To assess subclinical peripheral nerve changes in Type-II diabetic mellitus and Normal healthy subjects.

METHOD: This study was carried out in and around clinics in Rajkot city. Total 120 Type-II diabetic mellitus and Normal healthy subjects were selected in each group. Subjects were selected according to inclusion & exclusion criteria and written consents were taken. Subjects having age between 30-65 years were selected. Subjects were divided in two groups i.e. Type-II diabetic mellitus and normal healthy, it was assessed for nerve conduction study for bilateral motor median, ulnar, common peroneal nerve and tibial along with that sensory median, ulnar, sural and superficial peroneal nerve analyzed. For assessing a sensation 60-second diabetic foot screen scale used.

 Data were analysed using SPSS 20 software for Microsoft windows by unpaired t –test.

RESULT:  Data were analysed using SPSS 20 software for Microsoft windows by unpaired t –test. It shows there were significantly reduced velocity of sural as well as superficial peroneal nerve as compared to other nerves in Type-II diabetic mellitus subjects. There were no changes in amplitude and velocity of motor median, tibial and sensory median nerve of diabetics subject compared to normal healthy subjects. Significance level was kept at 0.05 level.

OUTCOME MEASURES: 

1. Amplitude, Latency and Conduction Velocity of motor median, ulnar, tibial and common peroneal nerve.
2. Amplitude, Latency and Conduction Velocity of sensory median, ulnar, sural and superficial peroneal nerve.
3. 60-second Diabetic Foot Screen Scale.

CONCLUSION: It was concluded that there was significant changes in superficial peroneal nerve and  sural nerve, subclinical in Type-II diabetic mellitus compared to normal healthy subjects.

Keywords: Diabetes, Nerve conduction study, Peripheral nerve, Sensory examination, Vibration, Temperature analysis and Normal Healthy Subjects, 60-second diabetic foot screen scale.