RESERVATION FOR ECONOMICALLY WEAKER SECTIONS IN INDIA AND RESERVATION IN MALAYSIA: A STUDY

Abstract

Affirmative action policies have been adopted by most countries to address various kinds of inequalities due to caste, religion, gender, ethnicity, and economic basis. Social Justice embedded in most world constitutions aims to create a more egalitarian society. Reservation is adopted to reduce the growing disparities between rich and poor and to uplift societies where discrimination exists out of caste, race, gender, and religion. India and Malaysia had included reservation policies in their constitutions and had modified the policy to meet the growing demands of its citizens. Reservation policy in India originally focused on ensuring employment, education, and political representation for scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and socially and educationally backward classes. Reservation for the poor among the general category was introduced through the One Hundred and Third Constitutional Amendment,2019 in India. Malaysia had been providing reservations in education, employment, and business sectors for native Malays who were economically disadvantaged than the migrant population of Malay Chinese and  Malay Indians.This article aims to compare the reservation policies in Malaysia and Reservations for economically weaker sections in India.

Keywords: Social Justice, Reservation, Malaysia, India, Economically Weaker sections.