THE CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP MODEL OF ETHICAL LEADERSHIP ACCORDING TO THE PRINCIPLES OF UNIVERSAL GOODNESS OF ADMINISTRATORS OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS UNDER THE OFFICE OF PHRA NAKHON SI AYUTTHAYA SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA

Abstract

The purposes of this research were 1) to study causal factors of ethical leadership according to the principles of universal goodness of administrators of educational institutions under the Office of Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Secondary Educational Service Area,  2) to develop and validate the causal relationship model of ethical leadership according to the principles of universal goodness of administrators of educational institutions under the Office of Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Secondary Educational Service Area, and 3) to evaluate the causal relationship model of ethical leadership according to the principles of universal goodness of administrators of educational institutions under the Office of Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Secondary Educational Service Area. Multiphase mixed methods research was designed and divided into 2 phases. Phase 1 conduct equal and parallel qualitative and quantitative research and which divided into 2 parts; Part 1, using qualitative research with an in-depth interview of 12 key informants related to educational administration and universal goodness using semi-structured analysis and data was analyzed by content analysis. Part 2 using quantitative research by survey 255 samples and two-stage random sampling. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and the hypothesis testing was to validate the model. Phase 2 using qualitative research by focus group discussion with 9 experts from purposive sampling. Data was analyzed by analytic induction, and evaluated the developed model by using content validity index. Results showed that   1) Results of the study of causal factors of ethical leadership according to the principles of universal goodness of administrators of educational institutions under the Office of Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Secondary Educational Service Area, it was found that the factors showing a causal relationship to the ethical leadership of educational institution administrators consisted of 5 factors: 1) leadership characteristics of administrators, 2) professional characteristics of administrators, 3) justice, 4) principles of universal goodness, and 5) ethical leadership. 2) The causal relationship model of ethical leadership according to the principles of universal goodness of administrators of educational institution under the Office of Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Secondary Educational Service Area that was developed, it has factors that are important factors and have causal relationships. The results that will lead to ethical leadership of educational institution administrators include 1) leadership characteristics of administrators, 2) professional characteristics of administrators, 3) justice, 4) principles of universal goodness, and 5) ethical leadership, fit with empirical data. (Chi-square = 229.49, df = 133, p = .056, GFI = .950, AGFI = .955, RMR = .027), accounting for the variation in ethical leadership for 91.90 percent. In addition, it was also found that principles of universal goodness and justice were mediators in this developed model. 3) The causal relationship model of ethical leadership according to the principles of universal goodness of administrators of educational institutions under the Office of Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Secondary Educational Service Area was evaluated by focus group discussion and found that all factors were appropriate. Results of content validity index showed that the developed model was appropriate, accurate, possible to practice, and can be used for utilization. Knowledge of this research can be summarized as JUPLC MODEL.

Keywords: Causal Relationship Model, Ethical Leadership, Universal Goodness, Ministry of Finance